YES
by Chelsea
Koehler
Art for Survival
http://www.art4survival.org/index2.html
This site is the
home of an organization devoted to “the conservation of eco-systems globally
through the promotion and support of animal, botanical and natural science
art”. The organization is a cooperative effort of artists interested in
exploring the natural world. The site also gives information about youth
programs which combine artistic and scientific explorations of nature to
encourage youth to work for preservation and conservation of the earth.
The Fractal Microscope:
A Distributed Computing Approach to Mathematics in Education
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Edu/Fractal/Fractal_Home.html
This site is
an exploration of the educational opportunities provided by the use of
Fractal Microscopes. Fractals are an example of a part of nature and science
that are often considered artistic. Mathematics is a method of exploring
and understanding nature, and fractal geometry is a part of mathematics
which involves art.
Eco-Art Magazine
http://www.eco-art.com/ecomag.htm
Eco-Art Magazine’s
web-site focuses on art and ecology. The site discusses how art can function
to alert the sciences about ecological issues. Articles explore how nature’s
presence allows for a fusion of art and science in order to achieve an
awareness about ecological issues. Includes links to other related sites.
Acorn Naturalists
http://acorn-group.com/p1359.htm
This site advertises
environmental artistic activities for children, including books like Good
Earth, a collection of activities for children which involve art and science.
The site also explores the connections between art, science and nature
by offering methods of teaching science and nature through art.
Sara Kontoff Baker: Light
Imagery: 2 and 3 Dimensional Work
http://www.mit.edu:8001/afs/afs/athena.mit.edu/org/d/deans-gallery/www/Baker/
Baker.html
This site tells
about the work of Sara Kontoff Baker, and artist who received a masters
of Science in Visual Studies at MIT. She blends art and science in order
to express nature’s processes. She works with holographs and neon to create
art, and has done work with fountain environments and environmental urban
planning. The site includes some thumbnails of her artwork and a summary
of her goals.
Bondi, Herman. “The Good,
the Bad, and the Ugly.” Nature Feb. 1998: 668.
Bondi discusses
the beauty as a motivation for science. He talks about the experience of
an astrophysicist who talked about the beauty of nature as his guiding
light in scientific study. The physicist was adamant about the connection
between art and science, seeing science as another method of discovering
the artfulness of nature.
Carlson, Allen. “A Review
of Charlotte Klonk’s Science and The Perception of Nature.” Journal of
Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56.4 (1998): 419-422.
Klonk’s book
discusses the changes in British landscaping, and how they were a result
of not only aesthetics, but of new scientific knowledge. Carlson supports
her opinion, and he asserts that when we observe nature, our first reaction
is subjective, but we then consider the way the world works. They both
observe how art and science combine in our interactions with nature.
Eaton, Marcia Muelder.
“Fact and Fiction in the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature.” Journal of
Aesthetics and Art Criticism 56.2 (1998):149-56.
Are there ways
to tell if some aesthetic experiences of nature are better than others?
Muelder discusses Allen Carlson’s theory that aesthetic appreciation must
be directed by knowledge about it. This article explores the philosophy
that it isn’t enough to simply appreciate the beauty of nature, one
must understand it. Muelder discusses flights of the imagination, but also
the importance of fact when exploring and communicating about nature.
Edgarton, Samuel Y. “A
Review of Martin Klemp’s The Science of Art: Optical Themes in Western
Art from Brunnelleschi to Seurat .” Renaissance Quarterly 44 (1991) 587-98.
Klemp claims
that Euclid, not Plato, had the greatest influence on Western Art. He discusses
perspective, and the theorems in art. He also delves into the effects of
the scientific study of nature on art, such as the study of color, and
angles. Edgarton finds his ideas valid and adds thoughts of his own on
the connections between art and science in regards to nature.
Hale, Nathan Cabot. Abstraction
in Art and Nature: A Program of Study for Artists, Teachers and Students.
New York: Watson-Guptill Publications, 1972.
Combining the
history of Art and Science, Hale explores their relationship in regard
to the study of the abstract in the natural world. The illustrations include
famous paintings as well as scientific sketches and photographs. Hale also
outlines activities concerning art, science and nature; the book serves
as a study and exploration guide as well as an information source.
Ritterbush, Phillip C.
The Art of Organic Forms. Washington: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1968.
Ritterbush’s
book works to explore the “creative imaginative character of science”.
He discusses art and science and their overlapping. The book delves
into such topics as biological forms, symmetry and esthetics.
Shotwell, Thomas K. “An
Essay on Beauty.” Zygon Dec. 1994: 479-90.
In his essay,
Shotwell discusses the relationships between beauty in art and beauty in
science. He discusses the natural world and it’s aesthetic and scientific
beauty, citing examples such as fractal geometry, physics, and landscapes.
Weyl, Herman. Symmetry.
New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1952.
The study of
symmetry as a part of nature plays a big part in the observations of both
artists and scientists as is apparent in this book. Chapters explore ornamental
symmetry, the mathematics of symmetry, the symmetry of crystals, and other
symmetrical topics. |
NO
by Emily
Randall
Here
are the sites that I felt supported my side of the giant question dealing
with nature. I found three sites in a scientific point of view of
nature and two sites that look at nature in an artistic light.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/
This site is
Nova Online brought to us by the public broadcasting channel. This
site deals with all aspects of nature and gives a little scientific insight
about each aspect. For example, I went to the Einstein Revealed site
which tells of the story of Einstein and how he proved his theory of general
relativity using a solar eclipse. Now a solar eclipse can be seen
as a scientific happening of sorts, or it could be seen as an unusual and
beautiful moment to be captured in art. Nova Online sees the solar
eclipse and other aspects of nature and scientific wonders.
http://www.geo.nsf.gov/
The National
Science Foundation is a large web site so I stuck to geology. Within
the geology of the earth, one could deal with the atmospheric, earth, or
ocean sciences. I suggest, you pick one of these topics, and then
go to research. Within that link, descriptions are given about everything
under the sun, and the sun as well. Everything is explained using
some scientific theory that makes complete sense. Science sees nature
as scientific, as opposed to the artist looking at a leaf and seeing anything
but chlorophyll.
http://www.sepp.org/
The Science
and Environmental Policy Project is a government program designed to save
the environment. It explains laws, bills, and general things that
go on about the government and
what needs to be done to
save it. Once again, nature is seen as something, an object of sorts
where in this case, it needs to be saved. For example, water is looked
at in it’s components to see the pollution. And artist looks at water,
and sees the beauty and the possible religious aspect of water.
http://www.artinnature.com/index.htm
This web site
contains some of the most amazing photography of landscapes and nature
photographs I have ever seen. It is a gallery of photographic art
mainly of the Colorado Plateau,
Rocky Mountains, and the
Southwest Desert. My suggestion is to tour the gallery and read the
about the photography link. It is all very interesting and beautiful.
However, the point is that the
artist sees the grand canyon
as a great work; a scientist would see the years it took the Colorado River
to wash away to make this giant canyon and also would see the different
layers of rock. They see two different things.
http://www.natureartists.com/
This once again
is just a gallery of artists who happen to be particularly fond of art
as their subject matter. Their mission statement generally sums up
to explain that they want to bring their viewers the best nature art around.
Which is great because it provides some great examples of how artists see
nature. They see the colors, beauty, and composition of nature, not
the scientific aspects.
To conclude,
these web sites are just examples of how nature is seen in two different
ways. Scientists see nature as DNA, chlorophyll, and vertebrates, where
artists see nature as beauty
and emotional, something
that needs to be expressed.
Carlson, Allen.
“Nature, Aesthetic Appreciation and Art Criticism.” The Journal of Aesthetics
and Art Criticism. 53 (1998): 393-400.
Carlson’s article
produces a message that the way to appreciate nature is “simply being moved
by nature.” Appreciation isn’t just something that is in our heads passed
on from generation to generation. This article shows that nature
is to be appreciated as an art form. Nature is not to be split into groups
and subgroups, as said by this artist, it is to be moved by.
Kemp, Martin. “Hesse-Honegger’s
Hand-Work.” Nature. 392.6676 (1997): 555.
Kemp’s article
deals with his fascination of mutated bugs. After the Chernobyl disaster,
he wanted to find if the mutated insects were the result of radiation poisoning.
However, he finds these scientific beings beautiful. “Mutated flies
are... closer to today’s reality of nature or.. Are prototypes for a future
aesthetics of nature.” This scientist sees the mutations as beautiful,
not in an artistic way, but in terms of science.
Klee, Robert. Introduction
to the Philosophy of Science: Cutting Nature at it’s Seams. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1997
This book is
basically an account of scientific theories and history of how these theories
came about. They are then looked at in a philosophical point of view.
For example, chapter 6 is
entitled “Structure of Scientific
Explanation” and it deals with scientific views of nature and it’s functions.
Therefore, even when nature in a science point of view is looked at philosophically,
it is still not seen as something to be appreciated for it’s artfulness.
Nature will always be something to be studied and picked apart to a scientist.
Lagerlöf, Margaretha
Rossholm. Ideal Landscapes. New Haven: Yale University Press,
1990
This book is
about the function of landscape paintings. For example, chapter two
is entitled “Nature as Creation and Drama” and it deals with the emotional
identification one has to art. An artist views nature as something
to be appreciated and is moved by the expression of nature. Nature
is almost a religious experience explains Lagerlöf in her chapter
about nature, god, and harmony.
Moukheiber, Zina.
“Back to Nature.” Forbes Magazine. 19 October 1998: 146-147.
“Biological
metaphors aren’t just metaphors, it’s how the real world works, I profoundly
believe,” states Moukheiber. She uses technology and genes in her
research. In her article, she explains that all genetic material
is one big circuit. If one can figure out how normal genes deviate,
then one can apply that to chip behavior. Biology is a part of nature.
This scientist sees a human, and sees a circuit board of genes with information
that can be applied to technology.
Robbins, Jim. “Engineers
Plan to Send a River Flowing Back From Nature.” New York Times 12 May 1998:
F1
Robbins states
that the nature of levees is destructive. Homeowners are apparently
dumping rocks and earths on the banks of Snake River in Wyoming.
This is guarding against
erosion which is necessary
over time. Where the levees are not present, such as on islands,
there is much growth with different species. Nature is therefore,
something to be saved for it’s scientific nature. This scientists
views nature as a scientific wonder, not as a piece of art.
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